Inhalasi Sederhana Meningkatkan Bersihan Jalan Napas pada Anak dengan ISPA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56186/jkkb.244Keywords:
Anak, Inhalasi, Jalan napas, Airway, Children, InhalationAbstract
Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia. Penyakit ini dapat menyerang semua kelompok usia, terutama pada bayi dan anak yang disertai dengan masalah bersihan jalan napas, dimana jika tidak segera ditangani dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan lebih berat. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui penerapan inhalasi sederhana dalam upaya penatalaksanaan masalah bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif pada anak dengan ISPA. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini yaitu studi kasus pada pasien anak dengan ISPA yang mengalami masalah bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif. Pengambilan data penelitian didasarkan pada data asuhan keperawatan yang dilakukan selama 3 hari. Pemberian inhalasi dilakukan 3 kali dalam 3 hari berturut-turut, dimana setiap kali pemberian intervensi selama 15 menit. Hasil: Sebelum terapi inhalasi sederhana diketahui An. A menunjukkan tanda-tanda bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif, dengan sputum cukup banyak, kesulitan mengeluarkan sputum, frekuensi napas meningkat, dan terdengar bunyi napas tambahan. Setelah intervensi diberikan terjadi perbaikan signifikan ditandai dengan tidak adanya sputum, frekuensi napas normal, dan hilangnya bunyi napas tambahan. Simpulan: Terapi inhalasi sederhana efektif dalam memperbaiki bersihan jalan napas. Terapi ini dapat dijadikan intervensi pendukung dalam manajemen kasus gangguan jalan napas di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan.
Kata Kunci: Anak; inhalasi; jalan napas
Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is a major health problem in Indonesia. This disease can attack all age groups, especially infants and children who are accompanied by airway clearance problems, which if not treated immediately can cause more serious health problems. Objective: to determine the application of simple inhalation in the management of ineffective airway clearance in children with ARI. Research method: This type of research is a case study on pediatric patients with ARI who experience ineffective airway clearance problems. Data collection for the study was based on nursing care data carried out for 3 days. Inhalation was given 3 times in 3 consecutive days, where each intervention was given for 15 minutes. Results: Before simple inhalation therapy was known, An. A showed signs of ineffective airway clearance, with quite a lot of sputum, difficulty expelling sputum, increased respiratory rate, and additional breath sounds. After the intervention was given, there was significant improvement marked by the absence of sputum, normal respiratory rate, and the disappearance of additional breath sounds. Conclusion: Simple inhalation therapy is effective in improving airway clearance. This therapy can be used as a supporting intervention in the management of airway disorders in health care facilities.
Keywords: Airway; children; inhalation
References
Amini, N., Yazdannik, A., Safarabadi, M., Harorani, M., & Rezaei, K. (2022). Effect of Nebulized Eucalyptus on Arterial Blood Gases and Physiologic Indexes of Mechanical Ventilated Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Caring Sciences, 11(4), 217–223. https://doi.org/10.34172/jcs.2022.20
Anggraini, N. A., Ambarika, R., & Katupu, N. N. (2024). Factors Influencing the Incident of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Aged 12-59 Months in Wallandimu East Nusa Tenggara. Journal Of Nursing Practice, 8(1), 197–206. https://doi.org/10.30994/jnp.v8i1.656
Castro, D. M., Ahmar, S., Shabbir, R., & Mora-Poblete, F. (2021). Antiviral Activities of Eucalyptus Essential Oils: Their Effectiveness as Therapeutic Targets against Human Viruses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 14(12), 1210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14121210
Chandorkar, N., Tambe, S., Amin, P., & Madankar, C. (2021). A systematic and comprehensive review on current understanding of the pharmacological actions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications of the genus Eucalyptus. Phytomedicine Plus, 1(4), 100089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phyplu.2021.100089
Hairat, U. (2024). Factors Associated With The Incidence Of Acute Respiratory Infections In Toddlers. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 6(4).
Handayani, S., Immawati, I., & Dewi, N. R. (2022). Penerapan Terapi Inhalasi Sederhana Dengan Minyak Kayu Putih Untuk Meningkatkan Bersihan Jalan Napas Pada Anak Dengan ISPA. Jurnal Cendikia Muda, 2(4).
Helmi. (2020). Farmakope Indonesia (3rd ed.). Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Hidayah, N. M., Anisah, R. L., & Parmilah, P. (2025). Terapi Inhalasi Sederhana Dengan Minyak Kayu Putih Untuk Mengatasi Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Napas Pada Anak Dengan Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA). Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Dan Kesehatan Alkautsar, 3(2).
Inderiati, D., Rachmawaty, T., & Amaniah Anhar, C. (2023). Identification of Acute Respiratory Infection Patients Using RP2 Nested Multiplex PCR Test in Jakarta, Indonesia. Medical Laboratory Technology Journal. https://doi.org/10.31964/mltj.v8i2.519
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2020). Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2020. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Murgia, V., Manti, S., Licari, A., De Filippo, M., Ciprandi, G., & Marseglia, G. L. (2020). Upper Respiratory Tract Infection-Associated Acute Cough and the Urge to Cough: New Insights for Clinical Practice. Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, 33(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1089/ped.2019.1135
Naqvi, K. F., Mazzone, S. B., & Shiloh, M. U. (2023). Infectious and Inflammatory Pathways to Cough. Annual Review of Physiology, 85, 71–91. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-031422-092315
Ninot, G. (2021). Non-Pharmacological Interventions: An Essential Answer to Current Demographic, Health, and Environmental Transitions (1st ed. 2021). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60971-9
Nursalam. (2020). Metode Penelitian Ilmu Keperawatan: Pendekatan Praktis (5th ed.). Salemba Medika.
Paris, J. (2022). Child growth & development- topical approach. Lulu Com.
PPNI. (2018). Standar Luaran Keperawatan Indonesia. DPP PPNI.
Rudd, M. (2019). New Frontiers in Respiratory Infections Research. Hayle Medical.
Salvatori, E. S., Morgan, L. V., Ferrarini, S., Zilli, G. A. L., Rosina, A., Almeida, M. O. P., Hackbart, H. C. S., Rezende, R. S., Albeny-Simões, D., Oliveira, J. V., Gasparetto, A., Müller, L. G., & Dal Magro, J. (2023). Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Effects of Eucalyptus spp. Essential Oils: A Potential Valuable Use for an Industry Byproduct. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: eCAM, 2023, 2582698. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2582698
Shiekh, R. A. E., Atwa, A. M., Elgindy, A. M., Mustafa, A. M., Senna, M. M., Alkabbani, M. A., & Ibrahim, K. M. (2025). Therapeutic applications of eucalyptus essential oils. Inflammopharmacology, 33(1), 163–182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-024-01588-8
Volerman, A., Kan, K., Carpenter, D., & Press, V. G. (2021). Strategies for Improving Inhalation Technique in Children: A Narrative Review. Patient Preference and Adherence, 15, 665–675. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S267053
Yustiawan, E., Immawati, I., & Dewi, N. R. (2022). Penerapan Inhalasi Sederhana Menggunakan Minyak Kayu Putih untuk Meningkatkan Bersihan Jalan Nafas Pada Anak dengan ISPA di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Metro Tahun 2021. Jurnal Cendikia Muda, 2(1).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Keperawatan Karya Bhakti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.